SQL SERVER

About SQL

SQL, or Structured Query Language, is a programming language used for managing and manipulating relational databases. It is used to insert, update, and retrieve data from a database. SQL is a standard language for interacting with databases, and is supported by most relational database management systems (RDBMS) such as MySQL, Oracle, and Microsoft SQL Server.

SQL is used to create, modify, and query databases. For example, the CREATE statement is used to create a new table or database, while the INSERT statement is used to add new data to a table. The UPDATE statement is used to modify existing data in a table, and the SELECT statement is used to retrieve data from one or more tables. SQL also includes statements for controlling access to the database, such as the GRANT and REVOKE statements.

One of the key features of SQL is its ability to join multiple tables together. This allows you to retrieve data from several tables as if they were a single table, which can be useful for complex queries. SQL also supports various types of data, such as numbers, strings, and dates, and includes functions for manipulating and analyzing this data.

SQL is a declarative language, which means that you specify what you want to retrieve from the database, rather than how to retrieve it. The database management system then figures out the best way to execute the query. This makes SQL relatively easy to learn and use, as the user does not need to have a deep understanding of how the data is stored in the database.

SQL has been around for decades and has gone through several revisions, the most recent being SQL:2011. Each revision adds new features and capabilities to the language. However, despite these changes, the basic structure and syntax of SQL remains largely unchanged, which makes it relatively easy for developers who are familiar with earlier versions of SQL to learn the newer versions.

In summary, SQL is a programming language that is used for managing and manipulating relational databases. It is a standard language for interacting with databases and is supported by most relational database management systems. SQL allows you to create, modify, and query databases, and has many features that make it easy to learn and use.

Key Features of SQL

Some key features of SQL include:

1. 1. Data Manipulation:  SQL allows you to insert, update, and retrieve data from a database. It includes statements such as INSERT, UPDATE, and SELECT for adding, modifying, and retrieving data respectively.


2. 2. Data Definition:  SQL includes statements for creating and modifying the structure of a database, such as CREATE, ALTER and DROP.


3. 3. Data Control:  SQL includes statements for controlling access to the database such as GRANT and REVOKE statements, which allow you to control who can access and make changes to the data.


4. 4. Joining Tables:  SQL allows you to join multiple tables together, making it easier to retrieve data from several tables as if they were a single table. This feature is useful for complex queries.


5. 5. Data Types:  SQL supports various types of data, such as numbers, strings, and dates, and includes functions for manipulating and analyzing this data.


6. 6. Declarative Language:  SQL is a declarative language, which means that you specify what you want to retrieve from the database, rather than how to retrieve it. This makes SQL relatively easy to learn and use.


7. 7. Standardized:  SQL is a standardized language, which means that it is supported by most relational database management systems (RDBMS) such as MySQL, Oracle, and Microsoft SQL Server.


8. 8. Versatility:  SQL is versatile, it can be used for various tasks such as data mining, data analysis, and reporting.


9. 9. Scalability:  SQL is highly scalable and can handle large amounts of data and many concurrent users.


10. 10. Interoperability:  SQL is compatible with other programming languages and can be integrated with other tools and systems, which makes it a useful tool in building complex software systems.

Applications of SQL

SQL is widely used in various applications, some examples include:

1. 1. Database Management Systems:  SQL is used to manage and manipulate relational databases in various database management systems such as MySQL, Oracle, and Microsoft SQL Server.


2. 2. Business Intelligence:  SQL is often used in business intelligence and data warehousing applications for data mining, data analysis, and reporting.


3. 3. E-commerce:  SQL is used in e-commerce applications to manage and retrieve customer, inventory, and sales data.


4. 4. Online Advertising:  SQL is used in online advertising to analyze and segment customer data and target ads to specific groups.


5. 5. Finance:  SQL is used in finance to manage and analyze financial data such as stock prices and transactions.


6. 6. Healthcare:  SQL is used in healthcare to manage and analyze patient data and medical records.


7. 7. Social Media:  SQL is used in social media to manage and analyze user data and generate targeted advertising and personalized content.


8. 8. Gaming:  SQL is used in gaming to manage and analyze player data, statistics and generate targeted advertising.


9. 9. Logistics and Supply Chain:  SQL is used to manage and analyze logistics and supply chain data such as inventory and shipping information.


10. 10. Mobile and Web Applications:  SQL is used to manage and retrieve data for mobile and web applications, such as user accounts, preferences and activity.

Overall, SQL is a powerful and versatile tool that is used in a wide variety of applications, from small projects to large enterprise systems. It allows for the management and analysis of large amounts of data, making it an essential tool for data-driven decision making.

Career Opportunity After SQL

There are many career opportunities available for those who have a strong understanding of SQL. Some of the most common roles include:

1. 1. Database Administrator (DBA):  A DBA is responsible for the installation, configuration, and maintenance of a database management system. They ensure that the database is running efficiently and securely, and troubleshoot any issues that arise.


2. 2. Business Intelligence Analyst:  A Business Intelligence Analyst uses SQL to extract and analyze data from databases to support decision-making and strategic planning within an organization.


3. 3. Data Analyst:  A Data Analyst uses SQL to extract, clean, and analyze data from various sources to support decision-making and problem-solving within an organization.


4. 4. Data Engineer:  A Data Engineer designs and builds the infrastructure to store, process, and analyze large sets of data. They use SQL and other tools to extract, transform, and load data into data warehouses and data lakes.


5. 5. Data Scientist:  A Data Scientist uses SQL to extract and analyze large sets of data to build predictive models and identify patterns and trends.


6. 6. Software Developer:  A software developer with SQL skills can use SQL to interact with databases and retrieve data to be used by software application.


7. 7. SQL Developer:  A SQL Developer focuses on writing complex SQL queries and developing database objects like tables, views, and stored procedures.


8. 8. IT Consultant:  An IT consultant with SQL skills can work with clients to design and implement SQL-based solutions to meet their specific needs.

Overall, having a strong understanding of SQL can open doors to a wide range of career opportunities in various fields such as business, finance, healthcare, technology, and more.

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Course Syllabus

• Syllabus
• Duration
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• •   SQL Overview
  • Outlining SQL as the cornerstone of database activity
  • Applying the ANSI/ISO standards
  • Describing the fundamental building blocks: tables, columns, primary keys and foreign keys
• •   Building the Database Schema
  • Creating tables and columns
  • Building tables with CREATE TABLE
  • Modifying table structure with ALTER TABLE
  • Adding columns to an existing table
  • Removing tables with DROP TABLE
• •   Protecting data integrity with constraints
  • Guaranteeing uniqueness with primary key constraints
  • Enforcing integrity with foreign key constraints
  • Imposing business rules with check constraints
  • Enabling and disabling constraints
  • Removing constraints with ALTER TABLE
• •   Improving performance with indexes
  • Expediting data retrieval with indexes
  • Recommending guidelines for index creation
• •   Manipulating Data
  • Modifying table contents
  • Adding table rows with INSERT
  • Changing row content with UPDATE
  • Removing rows with DELETE
• •   Applying transactions
  • Atomic Consistent Isolated Durable (ACID) rules
  • Controlling transactions with COMMIT and ROLLBACK
• •   Writing Single Table Queries
  • Retrieving data with SELECT
  • Restricting rows with the WHERE filter
  • Sorting the result with ORDER BY
  • Handling NULL values in expressions
  • Avoiding NULL value pitfalls in filter conditions
• •   Querying Multiple Tables
  • Applying the ANSI/ISO standard join syntax
  • Matching related rows with INNER JOIN
  • Including nonmatched rows with OUTER JOIN
  • Creating a Cartesian product with CROSS JOIN
• •   Combining results with set operators
  • Stacking results with UNION
  • Identifying matching rows with INTERSECT
  • Utilizing EXCEPT to find nonmatching rows
• •   Employing Functions in Data Retrieval
  • Processing data with row functions
  • Conditional formatting with the CASE expression
  • Utilizing the CASE expression to simulate IF tests
  • Dealing with NULL values
• •   Performing analysis with aggregate functions
  • Summarizing data using SUM, AVG and COUNT
  • Finding the highest/lowest values with MAX and MIN
  • Defining the summary level with GROUP BY
  • Applying filter conditions with HAVING
• •   Constructing Nested Queries
  • Applying subqueries in filter conditions
  • Correlated vs. noncorrelated subqueries
  • Testing the existence of rows
• •   Including subqueries in expressions
  • Placing subqueries in the column list
  • Creating complex expressions containing subqueries
  • Handling subqueries that return no rows
• •   Developing In-Line and Stored Views
  • Breaking down complex problems
  • Selecting data from a query result set
  • Subqueries in the FROM clause
  • Creating views in a database
  • Building reusable code
  • Updateable vs. non-updateable views

TYPE	DURATION	HOURS	TRAINING MODE
Regular Track	45-60 Days	2 Hours a Day	Live Classroom
Weekend Track	8 Weekends	3 Hours a Day	Live Classroom
Fast Track	7 Days	6+ Hours a Day	Live Classroom

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